土木工程专业学英文翻译

Civil Engineering专业英语课后翻译

1. Definition of Civil Engineering:

Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the built environment, including works such as bridges, roads, canals, dams, airports, and buildings. Civil engineering is the secondoldest engineering discipline after military engineering, and it is defined to distinguish nonmilitary engineering from military engineering.

土木工程的定义：

土木工程是处理建筑环境的设计、建造和维护的专业工程学科，包括桥梁、道路、运河、大坝、机场和建筑物等工程建设。土木工程是继军事工程之后最古老的工程学科，被定义为区别于军事工程的非军事工程。

2. Core concepts of Civil Engineering:

Safety: Civil engineers must ensure that structures are safe and comply with all relevant building codes and regulations.

Sustainability: Civil engineers must design structures that are sustainable, meaning they are environmentally friendly and can withstand the test of time.

Efficiency: Civil engineers strive to design structures that are efficient in terms of resource usage and costeffectiveness.

Functionality: Civil engineers must design structures with a clear understanding of their intended use and purpose.

土木工程的核心概念：

安全：土木工程师必须确保结构安全，并符合所有相关的建筑法规和规定。

可持续性：土木工程师必须设计环保且能经受时间考验的结构。

效率：土木工程师致力于设计资源利用和成本效益方面高效的结构。

功能性：土木工程师必须设计出符合预期使用和目的的结构。

3. Key areas of Civil Engineering:

Structural Engineering: This involves designing structures such as buildings, bridges, and tunnels, and ensuring that they are safe and able to withstand the stresses that they will be subjected to.

Geotechnical Engineering: This involves working with the properties of soil and rock to design foundations and earthworks for structures.

Water Resource Engineering: This involves managing and designing systems to control water resources such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, as well as designing and maintaining water treatment and distribution systems.

Transportation Engineering: This involves the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of transportation systems such as roads, highways, airports, and railways.

土木工程的关键领域：

结构工程：这涉及到设计建筑物、桥梁和隧道等结构，并确保它们是安全的，能够承受它们将承受的重压。

岩土工程：这涉及到利用土壤和岩石的特性为结构设计基础和土方工程。

水资源工程：这涉及到管理和设计控制水资源的系统，如河流、湖泊和海洋，以及设计和维护水处理和分配系统。

交通工程：这涉及规划、设计、建造和维护道路、高速公路、机场和铁路等交通系统。