右边英语怎么说

高分子材料专业英语翻译

在高分子材料专业领域，涉及到许多专业术语和概念，下面是一些常见术语的英语翻译及解释：

1.

高分子材料 (Polymer Materials)

Polymer materials are large molecules composed of repeating structural units, typically connected by covalent chemical bonds. These materials have a wide range of applications due to their unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties.

2.

聚合物 (Polymers)

Polymers are large molecules made up of repeating units called monomers. These monomers are joined together through chemical bonds to form long chains or networks. Polymers can be natural or synthetic and are the basis of most polymer materials.

3.

共聚物 (Copolymers)

Copolymers are polymers formed from two or more different types of monomers. They can be classified into random copolymers, block copolymers, alternating copolymers, and graft copolymers based on the arrangement of the monomer units along the polymer chain.

4.

交联 (Crosslinking)

Crosslinking refers to the formation of covalent bonds between polymer chains, resulting in the creation of a threedimensional network structure. Crosslinking enhances the mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and thermal stability of polymers.

5.

聚合度 (Degree of Polymerization)

The degree of polymerization is the number of monomer units in a polymer chain. It determines the length of the polymer chain and is a crucial factor in determining the properties of the polymer material.

6.

热塑性聚合物 (Thermoplastics)

Thermoplastics are polymers that can be softened by heating and hardened by cooling, allowing them to be molded into various shapes. They can undergo repeated heating and cooling cycles without significant degradation.

7.

热固性聚合物 (Thermosets)

Thermosets are polymers that, once cured, cannot be reshaped by heating. They are formed through irreversible chemical reactions that create a rigid, threedimensional network structure. Thermosets exhibit high mechanical strength and dimensional stability at high temperatures.

8.

聚合反应 (Polymerization)

Polymerization is the process of combining monomer molecules to form polymer chains or networks. It can be initiated by heat, light, or chemical catalysts and can proceed through addition polymerization or condensation polymerization mechanisms.

9.

可降解聚合物 (Biodegradable Polymers)

Biodegradable polymers are polymers that can be broken down into simpler compounds by biological processes, such as enzymatic degradation or microbial action. These polymers are environmentally friendly and find applications in biomedical, packaging, and agricultural industries.

10.

高分子复合材料 (Polymer Composites)

Polymer composites are materials composed of a polymer matrix reinforced with fillers or reinforcements such as fibers, particles, or nanomaterials. They exhibit improved mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties compared to pure polymers.

11.

聚合物薄膜 (Polymer Films)

Polymer films are thin sheets of polymer materials with uniform thickness. They are used in various applications such as packaging, electronics, and coatings due to their flexibility, transparency, and barrier properties.

12.

粘合剂 (Adhesives)

Adhesives are substances used to bond two or more materials together by surface attachment. They can be classified into categories such as structural adhesives, pressuresensitive adhesives, and hot melt adhesives, based on their bonding mechanism and application.

13.

高分子表征 (Polymer Characterization)

Polymer characterization involves the analysis of the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of polymers. Techniques such as spectroscopy, chromatography, microscopy, and rheology are used to study polymer structure, composition, morphology, and performance.

这些术语是高分子材料专业中的基础，掌握它们能够帮助你更好地理解和应用高分子材料知识。