Title: Simple Examples of 2D and 3D Graphics Programming

Simple Examples of 2D and 3D Graphics Programming

Graphics programming involves creating and manipulating visual elements on a computer screen. This can range from simple 2D shapes to complex 3D models. In this guide, we'll explore some basic examples of both 2D and 3D graphics programming.

2D graphics programming deals with creating and manipulating twodimensional shapes and images. Here's a simple example using Python's Pygame library:

import pygame
import sys
 Initialize Pygame
pygame.init()
 Set up the screen
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption("Simple 2D Graphics Example")
 Set up colors
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
 Main loop
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
     Clear the screen
    screen.fill(WHITE)
     Draw a rectangle
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLACK, (100, 100, 200, 150))
     Update the display
    pygame.display.flip()
    

This code creates a window with dimensions 800x600 pixels and draws a black rectangle at coordinates (100, 100) with a width of 200 pixels and a height of 150 pixels.

3D graphics programming involves creating and manipulating threedimensional objects and scenes. Here's a simple example using the OpenGL library in Python:

from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GLUT import *
from OpenGL.GLU import *
 Initialize OpenGL
glutInit(sys.argv)
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH)
glutInitWindowSize(800, 600)
window = glutCreateWindow("Simple 3D Graphics Example")
 Set up the scene
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
glClearDepth(1.0)
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL)
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
gluPerspective(45, (800 / 600), 0.1, 50.0)
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
gluLookAt(0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
 Main loop
while True:
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
     Draw a cube
    glBegin(GL_QUADS)
    glColor3f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
    glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
    glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
    glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
    glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
     Draw more faces...
    glEnd()
     Swap buffers
    glutSwapBuffers()
     Handle events
    glutMainLoopEvent()
    

This code sets up an OpenGL window and draws a simple cube. The cube is defined by its vertices, and each face is drawn using GL_QUADS.

These are just simple examples to get you started with 2D and 3D graphics programming. Depending on your goals and interests, you can explore more advanced techniques and libraries to create stunning visual effects and interactive experiences.